Section I Use of English

Directions：

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once technology is replacing human workers. own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..

A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， ： people will simply become lazy and depressed. today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， ， some research suggests that the rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.

But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the of work， a society designed with other ends in mind ， work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free a hard day’s work， ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a world in which I don’t have to work， I might feel rather different”— 1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring

[答案][C] warning

2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty

[答案][A] inequality

3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction

[答案][D] prediction

4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured

[答案][A] characterized

5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom

[答案][B] meaning

6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless

[答案][B] Indeed

7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated

[答案][C] working

8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute

[答案][A] explanation

9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among

[答案][D] among

10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside

[答案][C] worry about

11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically

[答案][C] necessarily

12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles

[答案][B] downsides

13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course

[答案][A] absence

14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield

[答案][D] yield

15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship

[答案][C] virtue

16. [A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce

[答案][D] scarce

17. [A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats

[答案][A] demands

18. [A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved

[答案][B] tired

19. [A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into

[答案][D] into

20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal

[答案][B] professional

試題精析

[答案][C] warning

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

解析：空格之后的賓語從句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該選擇warning。其他三項(xiàng)[A] boasting [B] denying [D] ensuring

均不符合此處的語境要求，故均排除。

[答案][A] inequality

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

空格單詞后面的句意看到了貧富對(duì)比，故作為上文對(duì)其進(jìn)行概括關(guān)鍵應(yīng)選擇inequality。

[答案][D] prediction

考點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)判斷

空格之后的內(nèi)容 “holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，”該定語從句是對(duì)空格詞匯的修飾與說明，既然文中用到了will 這一個(gè)表示將來時(shí)態(tài)

的助動(dòng)詞，故答案為prediction。

[答案][A] characterized

考點(diǎn)：后置定語 + 固定搭配

one 4 by purposelessness。其他三項(xiàng)均不符合，故排除。

5.[答案][B] meaning

考點(diǎn)：句間語義理解

Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed.空格所在句后面的表述與空格前的內(nèi)容屬于并列關(guān)系，由逗號(hào)連接。答案選擇meaning。[A] wisdom [C] glory [D] freedom 這些選項(xiàng)都表示褒義色彩和后面 lazy、depressed 矛盾。

6. [答案][B] Indeed

考點(diǎn)：上下文邏輯關(guān)系

分析下四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以看出并無體現(xiàn)因果關(guān)系 故[A] Thus排除，另外instead，nevertheless 表示轉(zhuǎn)折語意，但是上下文邏輯并無體現(xiàn)。 故[A]Instead [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless均排除。

7.[答案][C] working

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans.根據(jù)上下文對(duì)比的語意對(duì)照應(yīng)該選擇working。前面提到unemployed 。此處在進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故選擇表示反義呼應(yīng)的詞working。

8.[答案][A] explanation

考點(diǎn)：句內(nèi)語意理解+固定搭配

some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.

[答案][D] among

考點(diǎn)：句內(nèi)語義理解、介詞辨析

很明顯應(yīng)該指前者的發(fā)生范圍。瀏覽四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，among“在....中”表示范圍，符合此處語義需要，故為答案。

[答案][C] worry about

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解+句內(nèi)語義理解

Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.

[答案][C] necessarily

考點(diǎn)：上下文邏輯關(guān)系+句內(nèi)語義理解

But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.But表示轉(zhuǎn)折語意。doesn't necessarily不一定。符合此處語意需要，故為答案。

12.[答案][B] downsides

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解 后置定語

Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.

答案的線索在于空格后面的介詞短語，后面提到being unemployed。這是貶義。其他選項(xiàng)均不符條件。

[答案][A] absence

考點(diǎn)：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)

In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.

[答案][D] yield

考點(diǎn)：詞匯的一詞多義與搭配

In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.該空格所選詞匯的主語是a society 賓語是different circumstances.根據(jù)主謂一致的原則應(yīng)該選擇yield。語義為：產(chǎn)生。

15.[答案][C] virtue

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

overblown.一詞為解題線索。含義：吹散 吹倒 表貶義。后面的內(nèi)容Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.是對(duì)這句話的進(jìn)一步解釋，結(jié)合前后的上下文語義理解，應(yīng)選擇virtue，其他選項(xiàng)均排除。

16. [答案][D] scarce

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.結(jié)合常識(shí)認(rèn)知及上下文理解應(yīng)該選擇scarce。

17. [答案][A] demands

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解

根據(jù)語義的要求，瀏覽選項(xiàng)，只有demands符合語義要求。

18. [答案][B] tired

考點(diǎn)：上下文語義理解+常識(shí)

“When I come home from a hard day’s work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a world in which I don’t have to work， I might feel rather different”.

19. [答案][D] into

考點(diǎn)：固定搭配+句內(nèi)語義理解

perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.

“Throw oneself into ......”意思是：一頭扎進(jìn)；投身于，積極從事

20.[答案][B] professional

考點(diǎn)：復(fù)現(xiàn)+呼應(yīng)

perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.此處空格處答案和前面的intensity 形成呼應(yīng)與關(guān)聯(lián)。故此處professional符合語義需要，入選。

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points） Text 1

Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.

Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.

Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.

Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.

21.【題干】According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.

【選項(xiàng)】

A．gained great popularity

B．created many jobs

C．strengthened community ties

D．become an official festival

【答案】A